I think my high school buddies will appreciate this one.
In my course on Native American Issues, I’ve learned about the ways in which Native Americans have been misrepresented throughout United States’ history and continue to be distorted in modern times. To find evidence of this, 
I needed to look no further than the glorious world of computer and video games. Because games often attempt to represent or simulate real world or pseudo-real world environments, the developers and artists behind the finished product tend to make some pretty biased assumptions about the world.
One such game is World of Warcraft. Although I stopped playing World of Warcraft about two years ago, it’s still going strong and today boasts some eight million subscribers. Only a handful of these millions of players, however, will look closely at the ways in which aspects of the gaming environment are caricatured and represented. Look closely at the description of one of the in-game races, the Tauren, who are large, cow-like creatures:
"The Tauren are huge, bestial creatures who live in the grassy, open barrens of central Kalimdor. They live to serve nature and maintain the balance between the wild things of the land and the restless spirit of the elements. Despite their enormous size and brute strength, the remarkably peaceful Tauren cultivate a quiet, tribal society. However, when roused by conflict, Tauren are implacable enemies who will use every ounce of their strength to smash their enemies under hoof. Under the leadership of their ancient chief, Cairne Bloodhoof… the Tauren struggle to retain their sense of tradition and noble identity."
It’s clear that the Tauren are supposed to represent Native Americans or “Plains Indians.” They live in teepee-like structures surrounded by totem poles in a field of grassy plains, speaking about the “spirits” and “ancestors” and “the elements.” There’s even a Vision Quest that the uninitiated Tauren must accomplish to continue their training.
When you’re having fun playing a game with your friends, it seems so harmless. What’s wrong with playing as a Native American? The Tauren are construed as peaceful and noble creatures, aren’t they? Doesn’t that make it okay?
The problem is that real Native Americans had no say in the development of this game, and isn’t it problematic when a handful of computer programmers whose knowledge of Native Americans consists of a few erroneous and highly romanticized stereotypes,
feel justified in representing Native American culture for millions and millions of people? Not only does this perpetuate gross stereotypes (the "noble savage," the "magical shaman," the "nature-loving tribe"), it also serves to classify their culture as alien and full of hocus pocus.
It even gives the impression of “owning” the culture, like saying that Native Americans are our ancestors; they belong to us now, to be widely distributed in a CD-Rom for our entertainment and amusement. There is a great irony when a 16 year old kid stares at his computer screen, enamored of his proud and noble Tauren.
It’s a complicated issue, to be sure—but imagine if the situation were reversed. Imagine if aspects of the United States’ culture are caricatured in a game somewhere overseas--whereby not a single American could give input as to its design--and the American values of which we are so proud end up being terribly distorted. You have to wonder: if the Native Americans are portrayed as cows, what animal would we be?
Comments (1065)
Hey, good article. What class do you take?
--Paula
Posted by: Paula Kaufman at March 6, 2007 9:45 PM
Hey Paula, it's called Indigenous Exchanges: Cultural Interactions in the Native Southwest and Mesoamerica. It's really fun, interdisciplinary, and cross-listed in several departments. Many of the students in the class are actually art students from the Museum School.
Posted by: Mike Snyder at March 11, 2007 6:06 PM
What happened to, "Imitation is the best form of flattery"? If folks that want to design a fictional culture that is noble, protective of the Earth and innocence, I am proud they chose mine.
Posted by: Awahotep at June 11, 2007 12:15 PM
Hey, I play World of Warcraft and I am 15 year old native american. I see no problem with it whatsoever. I think people need to loosen up...
Posted by: alex at October 30, 2007 11:33 PM
"like saying that Native Americans are our ancestors; they belong to us now"
The Native American culture has always been a part of us all as human beings. We are the HUMAN race after all... not alien creatures who belong to different taxons. We're a rich woven tapestry of history from all over the world. This is everyone's planet, its all our history.
Separate and divide people on culture, and you find people unable to feel compassion for anyone else but themselves. Allow them to embrace it, and understand it, and they begin to see the errors of their ways.
Yes I'm also part N.A, but it doesn't make me feel like I'm any "more worthy" of incorporating Native American aspects into my art, and adapting elements into my own stories. I encourage anyone to do the same. As for World of Warcraft? Let it go, Historical accuracy is not necessary in a FANTASY game. its nice to see a head-nod, that could encourage people to go out learn more for themselves.
Posted by: Nora at November 12, 2007 7:44 PM
Dude, who cares? That was the LAST thing I ever thought about when I started playing a Tauren and honestly, I never even thought about it in this light until I found your article. I'm pretty sure no one is really thinking about Native Americans and relating how 'the game shows us Native American culture, woah' when they play, so it's NOT "[mis]representing Native American culture for millions and millions of people." WoW is describing Taurens, not Native Americans. Sure, maybe they borrowed the stereotypes, but they ARE NOT applying them to Native Americans; they're applying them to TAURENS, a FICTIONAL RACE OF PEOPLE. Get over yourself and your insecurities.
Posted by: James at November 18, 2007 12:40 PM
While I think the issues raised are by no means invalid thoughts (in fact it's quite good that someone is thinking about these things and the possible implications), I don't find the Tauren offensive to me as a Native American. In fact I really like them. I chose a Tauren character for my race because of the Native American correlation. Since I doubt many would object to a lifting of aspects of old european culture (which wouldn't be accurate anyway -- after all it isn't supposed to be representative of real culture), I don't object to Blizzard's taking some cues from my culture, particularly since it is not done in what I perceive to be a negative manner.
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